Project_PrincipleOverview_G_YunNan_2025/ModeDisplay/Assets/StreamingAssets/SubTitles/原理/110kV断路器-机械联动特性.srt

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在110千伏高压电网的电力设备中

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断路器用于电网的分合

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要求它不但具备切断空载和带负荷的线路

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且线路过负荷时也需安全切断

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以及当线路出现故障如短路时

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依然能够切断线路

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来保护高压线路和设备

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确保电网稳定运行

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它由三个相同执行机构去分断三相电源

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它的进线从上端进入

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输出端在中间的端子上

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打开它的绝缘套装

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它的静触点是上端的铜银圆棒

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动触头是下端的铜银套管

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来模拟一下动触头是怎样运动的

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我们假设现在线路已接通

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并且断路器触点闭合

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它的动触点通过外部操作机构进行操作

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这里有两种情况

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当线路出现故障而自动跳闸或者我们手动切断线路

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这两种情况断开都是相同过程

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操作机构有两个弹簧

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两个弹簧均已加载

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操作机构箱上端有合闸储能弹簧

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横担里有分闸储能弹簧 目前两个弹簧均已加载

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两个分闸继电器铁芯和柱塞连接

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当我们需要分闸和保护跳闸时

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首先释放分闸信号

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分闸电磁铁吸合带动铁芯向上运动

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推动闸移动触碰到联板

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释放卡锁

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分闸弹簧释放能量拉动轴顺时针旋转

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平行杆运动

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联动拐臂逆时针转动

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拉动触头杆向下运动 脱离静触头从而实现分闸

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现在线路是断开的

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我们将线路重新合闸

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首先释放合闸信号

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合闸电磁铁吸合

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铁芯向上运动

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带动闸锁释放滚轮

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上端储能弹簧释放

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凸轮撞击拐臂

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拉动竖轴向下运动

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使轴逆时针运动

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轴转动的带动杆运动

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压缩分闸储能弹簧储能

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同时带动平行轴运动

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联动拐臂顺时针转动

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使动触头向上运动实现合闸

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注意此时一起带动压缩分闸弹簧

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同时为分闸弹簧储能

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迅速为下一次分闸做好了准备

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这使的断路器具备了一次重合闸的机会

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可以防止误跳闸和瞬时性故障出现

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大大提高了供电的可靠性减小了停电的次数

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为了使合闸弹簧储能

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它的侧面安装有一台储能电机

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储能时是通过电机旋转

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电机齿轮联动拉动滚轮

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联动两个棘爪交替偏心运动

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拉动储能杆向下压缩弹簧进行储能

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由于六氟化硫一直密封在套管中

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它是有害的且会污染环境

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但断路器却一直需要它的高压存在

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我们会安装压力表

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持续显示它的压力

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压力下降会立即补充气体或处理

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以上就是110千伏断路器的构造和工作原理